Machine translation from English source
As a general rule, fire or other emergency drills should be conducted concurrently with the first stage of the abandoned ship drill.
For fire drills, it is assumed that a fire has broken out in some part of the ship and a mock attack is to be carried out. Full cooperation of personnel from all departments is essential in fighting fires. The type and location of the suspected fire should change from time to time and may include:
1) cargo fires in holds or other spaces;
2) Fires involving oil, gas or chemical cargo, depending on the situation;
3) Fires in machinery or boiler rooms;
4) Fires in the crew quarters;
5) Fires in galleys due to burning oil or cooking fats.
Engine room personnel must ensure that fire pumps in the engine room are
prepared for work and that full water pressure is on the fire main. Where there is an emergency fire pump located outside the machinery space, this pump must be started. The fire party or parties must be sent to the scene of the suspected fire. Hoses in the immediate vicinity should be routed and, where possible, water passed through them, water supplied first from the E/R pump and then from the emergency pump only, with the E/R shut-off valve closed (Transfer to Tanker).
A range of portable fire extinguishers should be available, and fire brigade members should be instructed in the use of the type of fire extinguisher for the specific type of fire. To assist in identifying the different types of fire extinguishers, they should be colour-coded as outlined in the SOLAS training manual.
The emergency fire pump must be operated by rating or deck personnel so that it charges the ship's fire main. All fire main shut-off valves must be operated monthly. All crew members must know the position of each valve and its purpose.
The crew must be closed to close openings, i.e., side hatches, dead ends, doors, ventilation shafts, fire doors, annular space around the funnel, etc., to reduce the air supply to the fire and isolate it from other parts. vessels, especially stairs. As many crew members as possible, and especially officers, should become familiar with the position of the remote controls for fans, oil fuel pumps and oil tank valves and receive instructions on how to operate them.
The crew must be trained in the use of SCABA equipment on board the vessel. Crew members with beards or glasses may have difficulty achieving an effective seal around the face and mask. This should be taken into account when choosing BA owners.
Fixed choke systems
Fixed fire extinguishing installations such as carbon dioxide must be tested
as much realism as is reasonable and practicable. Must be
breathing apparatus and protective clothing are used, as well as emergency devices such as axes and safety lanterns, and party members are assigned to all fire drills. Where number of breathing apparatus sets is permitted, it is recommended that persons using them work in pairs.
Carbon dioxide for inert purposes (Transfer to tanker):
On ships with fixed carbon dioxide fire extinguishing systems installed on board
Personnel should be aware that there is a risk of explosion if carbon dioxide is released when attempting to enter an inert space in which flammable gas or vapor is present but no fire is present.
If it is known that there is a fire in the protected area, there is no danger of explosion.
Frequent checks should be made, especially after inspection, of the clamping of CO2 cylinders, as vibration can cause the cylinders to rotate if they are not fully secured, and thus contaminate the release of the bands.
To avoid accidental releases during repairs, a written agreement between the ship and the repairers should specify who is responsible for fire protection. Any job that requires the system to be temporarily disabled should be carefully considered.
Fixed foam installations:
It is recommended that foam concentrate be sampled regularly from both the top and bottom of the storage tank to prevent deterioration or contamination that could reduce the firefighting performance of ships.
